ABSTRACT
Résumé L’UMPEO est une unité mobile polyvalente financée par les fonds européens, qui a la particularité d’être autonome, projetable et dépliable facilement. Elle a été conçue par le SAMU 31 pour être initialement un poste médical avancé ou poste de commandement opérationnel lors d’évènements aigus comportant de multiples victimes ou lors de dispositifs prudentiels. Dans le contexte de la pandémie COVID-19, l’UMPEO a été utilisée dans la zone transfrontalière comme centre itinérant de dépistage ou de vaccination, ou comme annexe des urgences en renfort d’une structure hospitalière. Les utilisateurs ont apprécié la rapidité et la facilité d’installation, l’ergonomie de travail et la polyvalence de la structure. Le SAMU 31 a développé un outil innovant capable d’être projeter rapidement sur site en fonction de l’urgence sanitaire. Summary L’UMPEO is a structure that has the particularity of being autonomous, projectable and easily unfoldable. It was conceived by the SAMU 31 to be initially an Advanced Medical Post (PMA) or Operational Command Post (OCP) at the time of acute events comprising multiple victims or at the time of prudential backup facilities. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the UMPEO was used in the cross-border area as a mobile screening or vaccination center, or as an emergency department annex to reinforce a hospital structure. Users have appreciated the speed and ease of installation, the ergonomic of work and the versatility of the structure. The SAMU 31 developed an innovative tool able to be quickly projected on site according to the medical emergency.
ABSTRACT
Disasters such as an earthquake, a flood, and an epidemic usually lead to large numbers of casualties accompanied by disruption of the functioning of local medical institutions. A rapid response of medical assistance and support is required. Mobile hospitals have been deployed by national and international organizations at disaster situations in the past decades, which play an important role in saving casualties and alleviating the shortage of medical resources. In this paper, we briefly introduce the types and characteristics of mobile hospitals used by medical teams in disaster rescue, including the aspects of structural form, organizational form, and mobile transportation. We also review the practices of mobile hospitals in disaster response and summarize the problems and needs of mobile hospitals in disaster rescue. Finally, we propose the development direction of mobile hospitals, especially on the development of intelligence, rapid deployment capabilities, and modularization, which provide suggestions for further research and development of mobile hospitals in the future.